Akram Ghorbani; Marjan Ziaee; Shabnam Hoshdar Tehrani; Mitra Mohammadi
Abstract
Background and Purpose: 80% of air pollution in urban areas comes fromheavy vehicles. The purpose of this study is to investigate the amount of CO2,CO, HC, NOX pollutants, types of diesel cars and their relationship with the lifeof the car.Materials and Methods: In this study, out of all diesel cars ...
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Background and Purpose: 80% of air pollution in urban areas comes fromheavy vehicles. The purpose of this study is to investigate the amount of CO2,CO, HC, NOX pollutants, types of diesel cars and their relationship with the lifeof the car.Materials and Methods: In this study, out of all diesel cars in Mashhad, whichis 5861 cars, 425 cars were randomly selected and after recording the year ofcar production, using OPTIMA7 NDIR five-gas pollutant device in bright enginemode (Engine operation). Sampling was performed continuously (except forthe first to the fourth of April) in the period of December 6, 2017 to May 9,2017 at nine to twelve and fifteen to twenty o’clock and Then, using SPSSsoftware and statistical tests. The relationship between these pollutants andvehicle life was investigated.Results: According to the amount of sig (p=0/531>0/05) between the life of thecar and carbon monoxide, the amount of sig (p=0/571>0/05) between the lifeof the car and the amount of hydrocarbon, the amount of sig (p=0/153>0/05)between the life of the car and carbon dioxide output and the amount ofp=0/290>0/05 (sig) there is no significant relationship between car life andnitrogen oxides.There is an inverse correlation between the car’s year of manufacture andCO2 and NOX pollutants, So that the higher the car’s year of manufacture,the lower the amount of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. And there is apositive correlation between HC and CO pollutants.Conclusion: The significant level value (sig) between car life and all pollutantsis greater than 0.05, so there is no statistically significant relationship betweencar life and all exhaust gas pollution. Therefore, the amount of air pollution bydiesel cars should be reduced by taking correct management methods.
Mitra Mohammadi; Sepideh Ansari; Zeinab Asghari; Samaneh Najafi; Zohreh Mirzaei Niko; Elahe Khayyami
Abstract
Background and purpose: Vegetables are among the valuable foods. However, in addition to essential elements, they may contain toxins in excess of permissible concentrations, which has raised many concerns about the quality and safety of these products and human health. Therefore, the present study was ...
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Background and purpose: Vegetables are among the valuable foods. However, in addition to essential elements, they may contain toxins in excess of permissible concentrations, which has raised many concerns about the quality and safety of these products and human health. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of atmospheric pollutants of carbon dioxide, gasoline and acid rain on the resistance of basil and parsley.Materials and Methods: This factorial study was performed based on a completely randomized design with 3 replications and 54 treatments . In this study, CO2 with three concentrations of 0, 1000 and, 1800 ppm, gasoline with three conditions without adding gasoline, with ordinary gasoline and with the addition of super gasoline, and acidic solution at two levels of pH 4 and 6 were studied. It should be noted that distilled water with pH = 7 was selected as a control treatment.Results: The results showed that the concentration of 1000 ppm carbon dioxide increased plant yield by 178.63%, while its concentration up to 1800 ppm, led to the destruction of the plant in two days. It was also found that super gasoline due to the high-octane number and supplements in it has a less polluting effect (5.7%) on the plant than regular gasoline. In addition, no significant difference was observed between different concentrations of acidic solution on plant resistance. In this experiment, parsley showed more resistance to contaminants than basil.Conclusion: carbon dioxide than other pollutants and also its key role in global warming, we need effective management to promote public health and control the production sources of this gas in the atmosphere.
Maryam Charmzan; Reza Esmaili; Mitra Mohammadi; Vahid Moradnezadhesare
Abstract
AbstractBackground and Aim:Air pollution is one of the most important environmental problems in the last century that threatens human health and particulate matter is one of the deadliest types of air pollution.This study was done to choose the best interpolation algorithm in the spatial distribution ...
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AbstractBackground and Aim:Air pollution is one of the most important environmental problems in the last century that threatens human health and particulate matter is one of the deadliest types of air pollution.This study was done to choose the best interpolation algorithm in the spatial distribution of PM2.5 suspended particles in Mashhad in 1395by different spatial models.Material and Methods: PM2.5 particulate concentrations was collected from 21 active air quality measuring stations in different parts of Mashhad and IDW, Ordinary Kriging (OK) and Universal Kriging (UK) interpolation models were evaluated to spatially investigate the air pollution situation in Mashhad. The root mean square error (RMSE) was used to compare the models and select the best model, and the Standardized RMSE was used to choose the most optimal conditions for running the OK and UK models.Results: The results showed that the highest seasonal average of PM2.5 pollutants in 1395 was related to autumn (40.84 µg/m3) and the lowest was related to spring (27.78 µg/m3). Also, the east to north area of Mashhad is in a more unfavorable situation in pollution concentration than the western areas of the city. Comparison of models using RMSE index also showed that OK model due to having the lowest amount of RMSE for seasonal average and annual concentration of suspended particles PM2.5 has a lower error in the predicted values than the measurement, so it has better conditions for intermediation.Conclusion: This research eventually led to the production of maps of PM2.5 Pollutants situation in the whole city of Mashhad, which is very useful in order to identify high-risk areas in the city and use useful measures to reduce air pollution in those areas.